Climate change and environmental degradation have driven many nations to adopt the concept of a circular bioeconomy in order to achieve sustainability goals. Although numerous studies have been conducted on innovative solutions in this area, the literature rarely addresses the topic in the context of the global South, where environmental and socio-economic challenges are most pronunced. These regions, having high urbanization and rising populations, would heavily benefit from the adoption of circular bioeconomy principles. This paper examines 164 Scopus-indexed publications using the PRISMA protocol, thus providing the current state of the topic. The results emphasize the imperative necessity of collective actions to release the full potential of the circular bioeconomy in the global South.