In a developing country such as India, the extraction of forest biomass by village households is a key management concern. A microeconomic model of the decisions regarding levels and sources of extraction of forest biomass is developed. Biomass extraction behaviour in a sample of 227 households living in, and close to, Ranthambhore National Park, India, is empirically examined. An empirical measure of spatial aspects of extraction is investigated. Village location, ownership of biogas, and caste are found to be key explanatory variables of forest biomass extraction.