Institutional Origins of Protective COVID-19 Public Health Policy Responses: Informational and Authority Redundancies and Policy Stringency

Olga Shvetsova, Binghamton University, USA, shvetso@binghamton.edu , Andrei Zhirnov, Q-Step Centre and University of Exeter, UK, A.Zhirnov@exeter.ac.uk , Julie VanDusky-Allen, Boise State University, USA, julievanduskyallen@boisestate.edu , Abdul Basit Adeel, Binghamton University, USA, aadeel1@binghamton.edu , Michael Catalano, Binghamton University, USA, mcatala4@binghamton.edu , Olivia Catalano, USA, olivia.catalano15@gmail.com , Frank Giannelli, The State University of New Jersey, USA, giannefr@shp.rutgers.edu , Ezgi Muftuoglu, Binghamton University, USA, emuftuo1@binghamton.edu , Tara Riggs, Binghamton University, USA, triggs1@binghamton.edu , Mehmet Halit Sezgin, Binghamton University, USA, halitsezgin@gmail.com , Naveed Tahir, Syracuse University, USA, ntahir@syr.edu , Tianyi Zhao, Binghamton University, USA, tzhao19@binghamton.edu