Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction > Vol 8 > Issue 4

Crowdsourcing Accessibility: Human-Powered Access Technologies

By Erin Brady, Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis, USA, brady@iupui.edu | Jeffrey P. Bigham, Carnegie Mellon University, USA, jbigham@cmu.edu

 
Suggested Citation
Erin Brady and Jeffrey P. Bigham (2015), "Crowdsourcing Accessibility: Human-Powered Access Technologies", Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction: Vol. 8: No. 4, pp 273-372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1100000050

Publication Date: 23 Nov 2015
© 2015 E. Brady and J. P. Bigham
 
Subjects
Assistive technologies
 

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In this article:
1. Introduction
2. Disability, Accessibility and Access Technologies
3. Crowdsourcing and Remote Workers
4. Examples of Human-Powered Access Technologies
5. Design Dimensions for Human-Powered Access Technology
6. Case Study 1: Making Web Pages Accessible with Social Accessibility
7. Case Study 2: Answering Visual Questions Quickly with VizWiz
8. Case Study 3: Combining Inputs for Real-Time Captioning with Scribe
9. Challenges And Opportunities Going Forward
10. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References

Abstract

People with disabilities have always engaged the people around them in order to circumvent inaccessible situations, allowing them to live more independently and get things done in their everyday lives. Increasing connectivity is allowing this approach to be extended to wherever and whenever it is needed. Technology can leverage this human work force to accomplish tasks beyond the capabilities of computers, increasing how accessible the world is for people with disabilities. This article outlines the growth of online human support, outlines a number of projects in this space, and presents a set of challenges and opportunities for this work going forward.

DOI:10.1561/1100000050
ISBN: 978-1-68083-034-7
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Table of contents:
1. Introduction
2. Disability, Accessibility and Access Technologies
3. Crowdsourcing and Remote Workers
4. Examples of Human-Powered Access Technologies
5. Design Dimensions for Human-Powered Access Technology
6. Case Study 1: Making Web Pages Accessible with Social Accessibility
7. Case Study 2: Answering Visual Questions Quickly with VizWiz
8. Case Study 3: Combining Inputs for Real-Time Captioning with Scribe
9. Challenges And Opportunities Going Forward
10. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References

Crowdsourcing Accessibility

Crowdsourcing Accessibility: Human-Powered Access Technologies outlines the dimensions of human-powered access technologies. While people with disabilities often make use of assistance from companions and others around them when they have an access problem, there are a number of advantages to creating scalable technology to replicate and extend this type of interaction with remote assistants. Doing this effectively, however, involves making a number of decisions and is more complicated than it appears. Not only are more people potentially involved, each with their own expectations and needs, but their contributions must be effectively coordinated, managed, and rewarded.

Crowdsourcing Accessibility: Human-Powered Access Technologies looks at the growth of online human support, outlines a number of projects in this space, and presents a set of challenges and opportunities for this work going forward

 
HCI-050