Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction > Vol 8 > Issue 2-3

A Survey of Augmented Reality

By Mark Billinghurst, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, mark.billinghurst@hitlabnz.org | Adrian Clark, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, adrian.clark@hitlabnz.org | Gun Lee, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, gun.lee@hitlabnz.org

 
Suggested Citation
Mark Billinghurst, Adrian Clark and Gun Lee (2015), "A Survey of Augmented Reality", Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction: Vol. 8: No. 2-3, pp 73-272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1100000049

Publication Date: 31 Mar 2015
© 2015 M. Billinghurst, A. Clark, and G. Lee
 
Subjects
Augmented reality
 

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In this article:
1. Introduction
2. Definition and Taxonomy
3. History
4. AR Tracking Technology
5. AR Display Technology
6. AR Development Tools
7. AR Input and Interaction Technologies
8. Design Guidelines and Interface Patterns
9. Evaluation of AR Systems
10. AR Applications Today
11. Research Directions
12. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References

Abstract

This survey summarizes almost 50 years of research and development in the field of Augmented Reality (AR). From early research in the1960’s until widespread availability by the 2010’s there has been steady progress towards the goal of being able to seamlessly combine real and virtual worlds. We provide an overview of the common definitions of AR, and show how AR fits into taxonomies of other related technologies. A history of important milestones in Augmented Reality is followed by sections on the key enabling technologies of tracking, display and input devices. We also review design guidelines and provide some examples of successful AR applications. Finally, we conclude with a summary of directions for future work and a review of some of the areas that are currently being researched.

DOI:10.1561/1100000049
ISBN: 978-1-60198-920-8
218 pp. $99.00
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ISBN: 978-1-60198-921-5
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Table of contents:
1. Introduction
2. Definition and Taxonomy
3. History
4. AR Tracking Technology
5. AR Display Technology
6. AR Development Tools
7. AR Input and Interaction Technologies
8. Design Guidelines and Interface Patterns
9. Evaluation of AR Systems
10. AR Applications Today
11. Research Directions
12. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References

A Survey of Augmented Reality

A Survey of Augmented Reality summarizes almost fifty years of research and development in the field of Augmented Reality (AR). From early research in the 1960’s until widespread availability by the 2010’s, there has been steady progress towards the goal of being able to seamlessly combine real and virtual worlds. This monograph provides an overview of the common definitions of AR, and shows how AR fits into taxonomies of other related technologies. A history of important milestones in Augmented Reality is followed by sections on the key enabling technologies of tracking, display, and input devices. The author also review design guidelines and provide some examples of successful AR applications. The work concludes with a summary of directions for future work, and a review of some of the areas that are currently being researched.

A Survey of Augmented Reality is an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners. It provides an ideal starting point for those who want an overview of the technology and to undertake research and development in the field.

 
HCI-049